Katmai

sopka – Stratovolcano, United States, North America Volcanic Regions

Kde

United States, North America Volcanic Regions

Typ (GVP)

Stratovolcano

Nadmořská výška

2 047 m

Tektonické prostředí

Subduction zone / Continental crust (> 25 km)

Poslední známá erupce

1912

Poloha

58,279°, -154,953°

Katmai was initially considered to be the source of the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes ash flow in 1912. However, the 3 x 4 km caldera of 1912 is now known to have formed as a result of the voluminous eruption at nearby Novarupta volcano. The edifice had four NE-SW-trending summits, most of which were truncated by the 1912 collapse. Two or more large explosive eruptions took place during the late Pleistocene. Most of the two overlapping pre-1912 Katmai volcanoes are Pleistocene, but Holocene lava flows from a flank vent descend the SE flank of the SW edifice into the Katmai River canyon. The steep walled young caldera has a jagged rim that rises 500-1,000 m above the caldera floor and contains a deep lake. Lake waters have covered a small post-collapse lava dome (Horseshoe Island) that was seen on the caldera floor at the time of the initial ascent to the caldera rim in 1916.

Text: Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program.

Údaje o sopce: Smithsonian Global Volcanism Program. Další sopky a průduchy.